Coercive and controlling behaviour and economic abuse

What is coercive and controlling behaviour?

The Serious Crimes Act 2015 made coercive and controlling behaviour in an intimate or family relationship an offence.

Coercive control is a term used to describe a repeated or continuous pattern of behaviour that causes emotional or psychological harm for the victim.

This behaviour can include, but is not limited to, the following:

• Isolating a person from their friends and family;
• Depriving a person of their basic needs;
• Monitoring a person’s social media and their communication with others;
• Controlling aspects of a person’s daily life (for example, who they see, what clothes they wear, how long they take etc.);
• Economic abuse (for example, coerced debt, controlling bank accounts, and taking wages and benefit payments);
• Harassment and stalking;
• Physical abuse;
• Sexual assault.

The above list is non-exhaustive and can vary from one person to the next. If you are experiencing any of the above, please contact our office and speak with our experienced family lawyers to discuss your options moving forwards.

What is economic abuse?

Economic abuse is a form of domestic abuse.

In 2021, the Domestic Abuse Act was amended to include economic abuse. Economic abuse means any behaviour that has a substantial adverse effect on a person’s ability to:

• Acquire, use or maintain money or other property; or
• Purchase goods or services.

Economic abuse may include, but is not limited to, the following:

• Controlling a person’s spendings/ bank accounts/ investments/ mortgages;
• Controlling the family income;
• Coerced debts (for example, obtaining credit cards and personal loans);
• Taking a person’s wage, government benefits or allowances;
• Preventing a person from having access to finances required to meet their needs.

What effect does coercive and controlling behaviour or economic abuse have on the court’s decision?

According to section 25A of the Matrimonial Causes Act 1973, the court has a duty to consider whether a clean break is possible; ultimately, providing financial independence to the parties. In cases involving domestic and financial abuse, it is generally preferred that a clean break is achieved.

There are a number of considerations the court will have regard to when determining the financial award of each case. Section 25 of the Matrimonial Causes Act 1973 provides a non-exhaustive list of matters to be taken into consideration, including section 25(2)(g) being the conduct of each of the parties.

In the case of OC v AG [2020] EWFC 52, Mostyn J provided four scenarios where economic abuse may be considered as conduct. These four scenarios are:

1. Gross and obvious personal misconduct where there is a financial consequence;
2. Wantonly and recklessly dissipating assets;
3. Litigation misconduct; and
4. Failure to comply with full and frank disclosure.

The serious impact of domestic abuse may also be relevant when considering maintenance. This is particularly important in circumstances where a victim of domestic abuse is unable to return to work for the foreseeable future having suffered from physical and mental abuse.

Do you need immediate help?

If you are unable to speak, call 999 from your mobile and then press 55. This will automatically dispatch police to your location.

Alternatively, you may use the codeword “ANI” (short for ‘Action Needed Immediately’) at your local pharmacy. A member of staff will then take you to a private room where they can help you call the police, domestic abuse helpline, or a family member, friend, or solicitor.

Once you are in safe place and ready to seek legal advice, we recommend that you contact our experienced family law and criminal law team for a confidential chat to discuss your case and the best way forward.

If you have suffered or been accused of coercive and controlling behaviour or economic abuse, contact Vardags today for a free initial consultation with one of our expert divorce and family law solicitors. 

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